Research and development (R&D) refers to the process of creating new ideas, products, or technologies through research and experimentation. It is a crucial aspect of innovation and is often conducted by businesses, government agencies, and academic institutions in order to create new products or services, improve existing ones, or solve problems.

R&D is typically focused on finding solutions to specific problems or challenges and involves a range of activities such as gathering and analyzing data, testing hypotheses, and developing prototypes or prototypes. It requires collaboration between different teams and departments, as well as expertise in a variety of fields such as engineering, science, and business.

The goal of R&D is to create new knowledge and ideas that can be applied to solve problems or create new products or services. It is often a long and expensive process, but the rewards can be significant, as it can lead to significant advancements in various industries and fields.